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| 1902 |
| | | The first Aswan dam, at this time the world's largest, is completed on the Nile | |
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| 1906 |
| | | Istanbul cedes the Sinai Peninsula to British-controlled Egypt | |
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| 1914 |
| | | The British government changes the status of Egypt from a Turkish province to a British protectorate | |
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| 1918 |
| | | Wafd, a national party, is formed in Cairo with the purpose of ending Egypt's enforced link with Britain | |
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| 1922 |
| | | Egypt becomes an independent kingdom, subject to a British military presence to protect the Suez canal | |
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| 1922 |
| | | Howard Carter exposes a flight of steps in the Valley of the Kings and comes to a barrier bearing the name Tutankhamun | |
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| 1928 |
| | | Hassan al-Banna, a schoolteacher in Ismailia, founds the Muslim Brotherhood – to campaign for a society based on the Qu'ran with the sharia as its legal system | |
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| c. 1935 |
| | | A collection of Constantine Cavafy's poems is published in Alexandria in an undated edition | |
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| 1936 |
| | | On the death of his father, Fuad I, the 16-year-old Farouk becomes king of Egypt | |
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| 1941 December 19 |
| | | Italian frogmen enter the harbour at Alexandria and cripple two British battleships | |
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